The Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) executes its authority to regulate offshore oil and gas primarily through the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA), 43 U.S.C. 1331-1356a.

In 1953, Congress enacted OCSLA, and authorized the Secretary of the Interior to lease the Outer Continental Shelf for mineral development, the regulation of oil and gas exploration, development, and production operations. In turn, the Secretary has delegated certain authorities to BSEE. The Bureau's mission is to regulate offshore oil and gas operations, enhance offshore exploration and promote the safe development of oil, gas and mineral resources, while conserving resources and protecting the environment.  The Bureau implements advancements in technology, and also conducts onsite inspections to assure compliance with regulations, lease terms, and approved plans. Its regulatory programs advise a wide range of offshore activities and facilities, including drilling, completion, work-over, production, pipeline, and decommissioning operations.